^7. The bullwhip effect and supply chain management have been widely studied and documented."The Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains," by Hau L. Lee, V. Padmanabhan, and Seungjin Whang, is a classic in this field. MIT Sloan Management Review,http://sloanreview.mit.edu/the-magazine/1997-spring/3837/the-bullwhip-effect-in-supply-chains/,accessed December 2011.